An Introduction
(PDF file, but with no embedded Hindi font)
OUTLINE
0. BACKGROUND
1. GUIDELINES
2. POINTS TO REMEMBER
3. FIELD NAMES
4. SAMPLE INPUT
(As will be given to you for filling)
5. SAMPLE ENTRY
(As it would be after you fill it)
0. BACKGROUND :
TransLexGram is a name for a set of electronic lexical resources being developed for use in machine-aided translation from English to Indian languages. It is a short form for "Transfer Lexicon and Grammar".
This is a project of LERIL (Lexical Resources for Indian Languages), an open-source, collaborative initiative of several groups (and individuals) to create shareable resources for Indian languages.
This initiative was launched at the "Workshop on Lexical Resources for Natural Language Processing", 5 - 8 Jan 2001, IIIT Hyderabad. The purpose behind this effort is to fill the lacuna in such resources for Indian languages.
TransLexGram will help in the development of machine translation systems from English to Indian languages.
The TransLexGram effort is basing itself on available free resources. It is being started based on the electronic English-Hindi dictionary with example sentences developed by collaborative efforts spread over several cities, and edited by Dr.Dipti M Sharma (dipti@iiit.net).
TransLexGram is a collaborative effort among individuals and institutions. The resources so developed will be available as a "free" resource under GPL (General Public License).
The effort is being coordinated by a steering committee coordinated by the Natural Language Technology team at NCST, Mumbai. If you wish to join the effort, send an email to <leril@ncst.ernet.in>.
1. GUIDELINES : (Brief)
It is assumed that you would be contributing to the effort in one Indian language ("your language"). (If you are involved in more than one Indian language, you will fill separate forms for each language).
You will be sent a set of word entry forms, containing English words, their corresponding Hindi senses, an English example sentence for each sense, and a set of blank fields which you have to fill.
This would require you to do the following:
1.1. Translate the English example sentences into your language for each entry.
1.2. For VERB entries only, make 'frames' for both the English and the translated sentence in your language.
1.3. No frames are to be made for category entries other than verbs.
1.4. The frames would essentially capture the rules for syntactic transfer between English and your language.
For example, for English-Hindi, for the entry "go" --> "jAnA", you will create the frame pairs:
FRAME_E::A went to B
FRAME_I::A B [ko] gayA
1.5. If your language is other than Hindi, you also have to enter the meaning of the word in MEANING_OTH. (In case of Hindi, this work has already been done and is shown in MEANING_H.)
More detailed sample input-output examples are given in section 5.
NOTE: More detailed guidelines on each of the following:
a) translation, and
b) building frames will be provided separately.
You SHOULD NOT start work before reading the detailed guidelines.
The work will be done in phases, with instructions being provided for each phase.
2. POINTS TO REMEMBER:
2.1. DON'Ts
a) Don't change the present filled entries
b) Don't add senses
2.2. If you find any part of the entry (Hindi sense, example sentence, number of senses given, etc.) to be incorrect, please point it out in the ERROR field. Do NOT mark it on the entry itself.
2.3. If you have any suggestions/comments(including the correction) for an entry, enter it in the COMMENT field.
3. FIELD NAMES:
HEADWORD - The lexical item for which the entry is being made
MEANING_H - Hindi equivalent for the Headword.
MEANING_OTH - Equivalent for the head-word in your language.
ENG_EXP - Example sentence in English
TR_NAT - Natural translation
TR_ENG-INFLNC - Translation having English influence
FRAME_E - Frame for the English sentence
FRAME_I - Frame for the Indian language translation
ERR - Error. Errors found by you can be described here.
COMNT - Comment. Your comments, if any, can be given here.
4. SAMPLE INPUT :
(You will be given the following kind of form for entry after extraction from the dictionary)
--------------------------
HEADWORD::"go","V"
MEANING_H::1::"jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: I go to school.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::2::"raKA~jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: These clothes go into that suitcase.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
-------------------------------------------------------------
5. SAMPLE ENTRY :
(As it would be after you fill it.)
---------------------------------------------
HEADWORD::"go","V"
MEANING_H::1::"jAnA" #<-- as you would receive
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::I go to school. #<-- as you would receive
TR_NAT:: mEM skUla jAtA HUz # <-- as you would fill it
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::A goes to B # <-- as you would fill it
FRAME_I::A B jAtA_HE #<-- as you would fill it
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::2::"raKA~jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::These clothes go into that suitcase.
TR_NAT:: ye kapaDZe usa sUTakesa meM rakhe_jAezge.
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: ye kapaDZe usa sUTakesa meM jAezge.
FRAME_E:: A go into B
FRAME_I:: A B meM rakhA_jAtA_HE
ERR::
COMNT::
---------------------------------
TransLexGram : GUIDELINES FOR TRANSLATION
OUTLINE
0. PRE-REQUISITE
1. GUIDELINES FOR TRANSLATION
2. POINTS TO REMEMBER FOR TRANSLATION
3. FIELD NAMES
4. NOTATION
5. SAMPLE INPUT
(As will be given to you for filling)
6. SAMPLE ENTRY :
(With detailed explanation)
0. PRE-REQUISITE (Preferably) :
Before reading this you should preferably have read: "TransLexGram : AN INTRODUCTION"
1. GUIDELINES FOR TRANSLATION :
It is assumed that you would be contributing to the effort in one Indian language ("your language").
1) Translate all the English example sentences into your language.
2) While translating -
a) Give natural translations in your language. Enter it in the field TR_NAT.
b) If an alternative translation having English influence is possible, it can also be entered in the field TR_ENG_INFLNCE. (See further explanation later in SAMPLE ENTRY.)
c) More than one translation of the same sentence may also be given.
These can be entered by repeating TR_NAT field. However, do it only if it is absolutely necessary.
d) Also give the equivalent expression in your language against field MEANING_OTH. (If your language is Hindi, you do not need to do this step because it has already been done and shown against MEANING_H.
2. POINTS TO REMEMBER :
1. DON'Ts
a) Don't change the present entries
b) Don't add senses
2. If you find any part of the entry (Hindi equivalent, example sentence, number of senses given etc.) to be incorrect, please point it out in the ERROR field.
3. If you have any suggestions/comments (including corrections) for the entry, enter it in the COMMENT field. If you have large comments to make (for example, additional senses and their associated example
usages, etc.), you can enter them in a separate file using the same proforma. Do not mix them with this file.
3. FIELD NAMES :
HEADWORD - The lexical item for which the entry is being made
MEANING_H - Hindi equivalent for the Headword.
MEANING_OTH - Equivalent for the head-word in your language.
ENG_EXP - Example sentence in English
TR_NAT - Natural translation
TR_ENG-INFLNC - Translation having English influence
FRAME_E - Frame for the English sentence
FRAME_I - Frame for the Indian language translation
ERR - Error. Errors found by you can be described here.
COMNT - Comment. Your comments, if any, can be given here.
4. NOTATION :
Symbol '#' is used in the SAMPLE ENTRY ONLY to explain a point. This should NOT be used when you fill the entries.
5. SAMPLE INPUT
(You will be given the following kind of form for entry after extraction from the dictionary)
------------------------------
HEADWORD::"go","V"
>
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: I go to school.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::2::"raKA~jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: These clothes go into that suitcase.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::3::"samAnA[<jAnA]"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::This key will not go in that lock
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::4::"calanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::How did the meeting go?
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR ::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::5::"ho_jAnA{sWiwi}"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::Have you gone mad?
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR ::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::6::"AvAjZa~honA/karanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The bell has gone for this period.
TR_NAT::
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::7::"nikala~jAnA"
MEANIN_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The P.M. is already gone.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
-----------------------------------------------
6. SAMPLE ENTRY :
(As it would be after filling)
----------------------
HEADWORD::"go","V"
MEANING_H::1::"jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::I go to school.
TR_NAT:: mEM skUla jAtA HUz. #<-- only translation has been filled here.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
---------
MEANING_H::2::"raKA~jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::These clothes go into that suitcase.
TR_NAT:: ye kapaDZe usa sUTakesa meM rakhe_jAezge.
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: ye kapaDZe usa sUTakesa meM jAezge.
# Note: Enter the English influenced translation in the field TR_ENG_INFLNCE
# because the meaning of 'go' is the most frequent sense (jAnA). Even though it is
# not a very natural sentence in Hindi, it is easily understandable by a Hindi
# speaker. (This is being done because the machine can use this for automatic
# translation without referring to contextual information.)
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
---------
MEANING_H::3::"samAnA[<jAnA]"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::This key will not go in that lock
TR_NAT:: yaHa cAbhI usa tAle meM naHIM jAegI
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR:: 'samAnA' isa saMdarbha meM ucita artha naHIM lagatA
COMNT:: mAtra 'jAnA' se kAma calegA.
-------
MEANING_H::4::"calanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::How did the meeting go?
TR_NAT:: mITiMga kEsI raHI ?
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: mITiMga kEsI gayI/calI ?
# Again, the meaning of 'go' is 'jAnA' in the translation with English influenced
# (in TR_ENG_INFLNC)
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR ::
COMNT::
------
MEANING_H::5::"ho_jAnA{sWiwi}"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::Have you gone mad?
TR_NAT:: tuma pAgala Ho gaye Ho kyA ?
TR_NAT:: kyA tuma pAgala Ho gaye Ho ? # Note: a new TR_NAT has been
# created because it is quite natural to say this both ways in Hindi.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR ::
COMNT::
------
MEANING_H::6::"AvAjZa~honA/karanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The bell has gone for this period.
TR_NAT:: isa pIriyaDa kI ghaMTI baja_gayI_HE.
TR_NAT:: isa kakSA kA ghaMTA baja_gayA_HE.
# Again note that more than one translation are given.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR:: artha 'AvAjZa~HonA/karanA' ucita naHIM HE
COMNT:: artha 'baja_jAnA' adhika ucita HE.
'period' kA jZyAdAtara prayoga 'kakSA' ke liye HotA HE.
----
MEANING_H::7::"nikala~jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The P.M. is already gone.
TR_NAT:: pradhAnamaMtrI jA cuke HEM.
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: pradhAnamaMtrI nikala_gaye_HEM.
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR:: Not a separate sense. Uses the same root, already covered in sense 1.
COMNT:: Frame same as given along with sense 1.
-----------------------------------------------
HEADWORD::"go about","PhrV" # PhrV = Phrasal verb
MEANING_H::"1.lage~rahanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::We went about our work despite strike.
TR_NAT:: HaDZatAla ke bAvajUda Hama apane kAma meM lage raHe
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
-----------------------------------------------
HEADWORD::"go against","PhrV"
MEANING_H::"1.prawikUla~honA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The entire team was against the decision to field first.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR:: Sentence does not give the usage of "go against".
COMNT:: Example should be
'The entire team went against the decision to field first.'
--------------------------------------------
HEADWORD::"go along","PhrV"
MEANING_H::"1.Age~baDZanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::I am going along well.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR:: Not a good sentence. Does not convey the given sense.
COMNT::
-----------------------------------------
HEADWORD::"keep","N"
MEANING_H::1::"nirvAha"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: He has to earn his keep.
TR_NAT:: usako apane nirvAHa ke liye kamAI karanI paDZegI
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: usako apane nirvAHa ke liye kamAnA paDZegA
ERR::
COMNT::
-------
MEANING_H::2::"xeKareKa"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: Children live in their parent's keep.
TR_NAT:: bacce apane mAtA-pitA kI dekharekha meM raHate HEM.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
ERR::
COMNT::
-------
MEANING_H::3::"raKZEla"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: She was his keep.
TR_NAT:: vaHa usakI rakhEla thI.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
ERR::
COMNT::
-----------------------------------------
HEADWORD::"keep","VT"
MEANING_H::"1.raKanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: He keeps his books well arranged.
TR_NAT:: vaHa apanI kitAboM ko suvyavasthita rakhatA HE
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
-------
MEANING_H::2::"hisAba~raKanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: Keep a diary.
TR_NAT:: DAyarI meM liKA_karo
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: DAyarI raKA_karo #Note: This has a special meaning in English.
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT:: Correct sense would be "DAyarI liKanA", but avoid making correction in the filled fields.
---------
ENG_EXP:: Keep accounts. #Note: There are more than one example for the same meaning.
TR_NAT:: HisAba raKo
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
-------
MEANING_H::3::"niBAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: Keep appointment.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: mulAkAta kA samaya niBAo
# Note: There is no entry in the TR_NAT field because there doesn't
# appear to be a very natural way of saying this in Hindi.
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
---------------
TransLexGram : GUIDELINES FOR VERB FRAMES
OUTLINE
0. PRE-REQUISITES
1. GUIDELINES FOR VERB FRAMES
2. POINTS TO REMEMBER FOR BUILDING THE VERB FRAMES
3. FIELD NAMES
4. NOTATION
5. SAMPLE INPUT
(As will be given to you for filling)
6. SAMPLE ENTRY :
(With detailed explanation)
0. PRE-REQUISITES
Before reading this you should have read
1) TransLexGram: AN INTRODUCTION, and
2) TransLexGram: GUIDELINES FOR TRANSLATION
You should have tried your hand at translating sentences (as described in "TransLexGram: Guidelines for translation").
1. GUIDELINES FOR VERB-FRAMES:
It is assumed that you have already translated English example sentences into an Indian language (your language) for all the entries. After translating the sentences the next steps are given below:
1.1. For verb-entries make 'frames' for both English and your language.
1.2. No frames are to be made for category entries other than verbs.
1.3. 'Frames'
a) should contain mandatory karakas only
b) should be in 'declarative sentence' form
c) should contain the prepositions (if any)
The verb frames need to be in a standard format for all verbs, so that they can be semi-automatically processed. Hence, the following guideline is important.
Irrespective of the mood and tense of the example sentence, the frames should be in simple present tense (habitual present tense) only. Assume all nouns in the Indian language frame to be masculine, singular, third person, unless the verb demands otherwise.
Items (2) and (3) below are a repetition from "TransLexGram:
GUIDELINES FOR TRANSLATION". They have been repeated here for the sake of convenience.
2. POINTS TO REMEMBER :
2.1. DON'Ts
a) Don't change the present entries
b) Don't add senses
2.2. If you find any part of the entry (Hindi sense, example sentence, number of senses given etc.) to be incorrect, please point it out in the ERROR field. Do not mark it on the entry itself.
2.3. If you have any suggestions/comments(including the correction) for an entry, enter it in the COMMENT field. If you have large comments to make (for example, adding new senses and their
associated example usages, etc.), you can enter them in a separate file. Do not mix with this file.
3. FIELD NAMES
HEADWORD - The lexical item for which the entry is being made
MEANING_H - Hindi equivalent for the Headword.
MEANING_OTH - Equivalent for the head-word in your language.
ENG_EXP - Example sentence in English
TR_NAT - Natural translation
TR_ENG-INFLNC - Translation having english influence
FRAME_E - Frame for the English sentence
FRAME_I - Frame for the Indian language translation
ERR - Error. Errors found by you can be described here.
COMNT - Comment. Your comments, if any, can be given here.
4. NOTATION :
Symbol '#' is used in the SAMPLE ENTRY ONLY to explain a point. This should not be used when you fill the entries.
5. SAMPLE INPUT :
(You will be given the following kind of form for entry)
--------------------------
HEADWORD::"go","V"
MEANING_H::1::"jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: I go to school.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::2::"raKA~jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: These clothes go into that suitcase.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::3::"samAnA[<jAnA]"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::This key will not go in that lock
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::4::"calanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::How did the meeting go?
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR ::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::5::"ho_jAnA{sWiwi}"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::Have you gone mad?
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
ERR ::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::6::"AvAjZa~honA/karanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The bell has gone for this period.
TR_NAT::
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::7::"nikala~jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The P.M. is already gone.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR::
COMNT::
-----------------------------------------------
6. SAMPLE ENTRY :
(After translating the english example sentences you will build the frames as shown below.)
---------------------------------------------
HEADWORD::"go","V"
MEANING_H::1::"jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::I go to school.
TR_NAT:: mEM skUla jAtA HUz.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::A goes to B # After translation, verb frames for both English and Hindi sentences have
been built.
FRAME_I::A B [ko] jAtA_HE
# Brackets around 'ko' indicate that it is optional.
ERR::
COMNT:: Applies when B is a place or event. May not apply otherwise.
-------
MEANING_H::2::"raKA~jAnA
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::These clothes go into that suitcase.
TR_NAT:: ye kapaDZe usa sUTakesa meM raKe_jAezge.
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: ye kapaDZe usa sUTakesa meM jAezge.
FRAME_E:: A go into B
FRAME_I:: A B meM raKA_jAtA_HE
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::3::"samAnA[<jAnA]"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::This key will not go in that lock
TR_NAT:: yaHa cAbhI usa tAle meM naHIM jAegI
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E ::
FRAME_I::
# Because there is an error, the frames are not given.
ERR:: 'samAnA' isa saMdarbha meM ucita artha naHIM lagatA
COMNT:: mAtra 'jAnA' se kAma calegA.
MEANING_H::4::"calanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::How did the meeting go?
TR_NAT:: mITiMga kEsI raHI ?
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: mITiMga kEsI gayI/calI ?
FRAME_E :: A goes B //B=Adverb{well, good, slow ...}
# Note: The above (after '//') says that B is an adverb and is one of 'well', 'good', 'slow', etc.
FRAME_I:: A B raHatA_HE # Note: Even though the example sentence is in a question form, the
frame' is always given for the 'declarative sentence'
ERR ::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::5::"ho_jAnA{sWiwi}"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::Have you gone mad?
TR_NAT:: tuma pAgala Ho gaye Ho kyA ?
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: kyA tuma pAgala Ho gaye Ho ?
FRAME_E :: A goes B //B={mad,crazy,bad, ...}
# Note: B can be either 'mad', 'crazy', etc.
FRAME_I:: A B Ho_jAtA_HE
ERR ::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::6::"AvAjZa~honA/karanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The bell has gone for this period.
TR_NAT:: isa pIriyaDa kI ghaMTI baja_gayI_HE.
TR_NAT:: isa kakSA kA ghaMTA baja_gayA_HE.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E:: A go for B. //A={bell, gong}
FRAME_I:: B kA A baja_jAtA_HE
ERR:: artha 'AvAjZa~HonA/karanA' ucita naHIM HE
COMNT:: artha 'baja_jAnA' adhika ucita HE.
'period' kA jZyAdAtara prayoga 'kakSA' ke liye HotA HE.
MEANING_H::7::"nikala~jAnA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The P.M. is already gone.
TR_NAT:: pradhAnamaMtrI jA cuke HEM.
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: pradhAnamaMtrI nikala_gaye_HEM.
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR:: This meaning - covered by the first meaning 'jA'. Drop this meaning.
COMNT::P.M. ko Prime Minister kara deM
-----------------------------------------------
HEADWORD::go about","PhrV"
MEANING_H::"lage~rahanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::We went about our work despite strike.
TR_NAT:: HaDZatAla ke bAvajUda Hama apanA kAma karate raHe
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E:: A go about B
FRAME_I:: A B karatA_raHA
ERR:: 'lage~raHanA' is not a very appropriate sense.
COMNT:: 'lage~raHanA' ke badale 'karatA~raHanA' ThIka raHegA
-----------------------------------------------
HEADWORD::go against","PhrV"
MEANING_H::"prawikUla~honA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::The entire team was against the decision to field first.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR:: Sentence does not give the usage of "go against".
COMNT:: Example should be 'The entire team went against the decision to field first.'
--------------------------------------------
HEADWORD::go along","PhrV"
MEANING_H::"Age~baDZanA"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP::I am going along well.
TR_NAT::
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
FRAME_E::
FRAME_I::
ERR:: Not a good sentence. Does not convey the given sense.
COMNT::
-----------------------------------------
HEADWORD::"keep","N" #Note: Does not have 'frames' because it is not a verb.
MEANING_H::1::"nirvAha"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: He has to earn his keep.
TR_NAT:: usako apane nirvAHa ke liye kamAI karanI paDZegI
TR_ENG-INFLNC:: usako apane nirvAHa ke liye kamAnA paDZegA
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::2::"xeKareKa"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: Children live in their parent's keep.
TR_NAT:: bacce apane mAtA-pitA kI deKareKa meM raHate HEM.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
ERR::
COMNT::
MEANING_H::3::"raKZEla"
MEANING_OTH::
ENG_EXP:: She was his keep.
TR_NAT:: vaHa usakI raKEla thI.
TR_ENG-INFLNC::
ERR::
COMNT::